Ho tloha bohareng ba ho elella bofelong ba September, ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea theko ea lichelete tsa machaba, litheko tsa lisebelisoa tsa lijo le lisebelisoa tse thusang li 'nile tsa tsoela pele ho phahama, tšebeliso ea matla a malapeng "taolo e habeli", tlhahlobo ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, le khaello ea matla a feme. angoa ke lintlha tse ngata, tse bakang litheko tse latellanang tsa meriana e fapaneng ea bongaka ba liphoofolo.Ho phahama, hoo ho ileng ha baka ho phahama ha litheko tsa lihlahisoa tse amanang le meriana ea liphoofolo.Re tla hlophisa likarolo tse ntseng li phahama le lihlahisoa tsa ho lokisa tseo litheko tsa tsona li ka nyolohang ke bahlahisi ka tsela e latelang:
1. β-lactam
(1) Letsoai la indasteri la penicillin potassium le eketsehile haholo, 'me theko e eketsehile ka ho feta 25% ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang selemong se fetileng;lisebelisoa tse tala le litokisetso tsa penicillin sodium (kapa potasiamo) le tsona li phahame ka tekanyo e kholo.), ntle le keketseho e matla ea theko ea thepa e tala bakeng sa sehlahisoa sena, theko ea libotlolo tsa ho paka le eona e nyolohile ho isa tekanyong e itseng.Ka hona, theko ea pele ea feme ea lihlahisoa e tla bona keketseho e kholo.
(2) (Monomer) Amoxicillin le Amoxicillin Sodium e nyolohile haholo, 'me litheko tsa lisebelisoa tse tala tse kang Ampicillin, Ampicillin Sodium, Amoxicillin le Clavulanate Potassium le tsona li nyolohile ho isa bohōleng bo itseng.10% le 30% ea phofo e qhibilihang ea amoxicillin e hlahisoang ke baetsi ba lithethefatsi tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo ke e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tseo hangata li kopanang le barekisi le lihoai,' me theko ea sehlahisoa sena e tla nyoloha ka 10%.
(3) Litheko tsa ceftiofur sodium, ceftiofur hydrochloride, le cefquinoxime sulfate li nyolohile, 'me phepelo ea cefquinoxime sulfate e se e le matla le ho feta.Litheko tsa litokisetso tsena tse tharo tsa liente tse hlahisoang ke baetsi ba meriana ea bongaka ba liphoofolo li ka 'na tsa eketseha kaofela.
2. Aminoglycosides
(1) Mokhoa oa theko ea streptomycin sulfate o matla, ka keketseho e itseng.Litokisetso tsa moetsi tse amehang haholo ke li-unit tse limilione tse 1 kapa li-unit tse limilione tse 2 tsa liente tsa phofo ea ente.Ho phaella moo, theko ea libotlolo tsa ho paka le eona e ntse e phahama, 'me bahlahisi ba ka' na ba eketsa theko ea mofuta ona oa sehlahisoa.
(2) Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa kanamycin sulfate le neomycin sulfate li ile tsa phahama sebakeng sa pele, 'me spectinomycin hydrochloride le eona ea phahama;apramycin sulfate e ile ea phahama hanyane, ha theko ea gentamicin sulfate e ne e batla e tsitsitse.Litokisetso tsa moetsi tse amehang ke: 10% kanamycin sulfate phofo e qhibilihang, 10% ente ea kanamycin sulfate, 6.5% le 32.5% neomycin sulfate soluble powder, 20% ente ea apramycin sulfate, 40% le 50% apramycin 50% sulfate sulfate soluble powder 5%. , litheko tsa lihlahisoa tse ka holimo li ka eketseha ka ho feta 5%.
3. Tetracyclines le Chloramphenicols
(1) Doxycycline hydrochloride e na le keketseho e kholo ka ho fetisisa, 'me qotsulo ea 'maraka oa lihlahisoa tse tala e fetile 720 yuan / kg.Litheko tse tala tsa oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, le chlortetracycline hydrochloride le tsona li nyolohile ka ho feta 8%.Litokisetso tse amanang le baetsi ba lithethefatsi tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo: joalo ka 10% le 50% doxycycline hydrochloride soluble powder, 20% doxycycline hydrochloride suspension, 10% le 20% ente ea oxytetracycline, 10% oxytetracycline hydrochloride soluble powder Litheko tsa lihlahisoa tse ling li ka eketseha ho feta 5. %.Lihlahisoa tse ling tsa li-tablet le tsona li tla bona keketseho e itseng ea theko.
(2) Florfenicol ke motsoako o tloaelehileng oa meriana oa lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo le likhoho.Ka September, theko ea florfenicol e ile ea phahama ka tšohanyetso ka lebaka la keketseho ea tšohanyetso ea theko ea li-intermediates.Motsoako oa pele o chesang.Ke hantle ka lebaka la sena hore baetsi ba lithethefatsi tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo ha baa phahamisa litheko tsa bona tsa khale tsa feme ka ho feta 15%, mme le bahlahisi ba bang ba qobelletsoe ho emisa tlhahiso ea litokisetso tse amanang ka lebaka la keketseho e matla ea thepa e tala kapa khaello ea thepa e tala. .Lihlahisoa tse amehang li kenyelletsa: 10%, 20%, 30% florfenicol powder, florfenicol soluble powder, le ente e nang le litaba tse tšoanang.Litokisetso tsohle tse ka holimo li tla ba le keketseho e kholo ea theko.
4. Macrolides
Litheko tsa lisebelisoa tse tala tse kang tivancin tartrate, tilmicosin, tilmicosin phosphate, tylosin tartrate, tiamulin fumarate, le erythromycin thiocyanate kaofela li nyolohetse ho maemo a fapaneng, ka keketseho ea 5% ~ 10% hoo e ka bang.Lihlahisoa tse amehang tse kang 10%, 50% tylosin tartrate kapa tylosin tartrate soluble phofo, hammoho le litokisetso tse ling tse 'maloa tse amanang le motsoako, ho ka etsahala hore ho be le keketseho ea theko ea 5% ho ea ho 10%.
5. Li-quinolones
Theko ea lisebelisoa tse tala tse kang enrofloxacin, enrofloxacin hydrochloride, ciprofloxacin lactate, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, le sarafloxacin hydrochloride e eketsehile ka 16% ho isa ho 20%.Tsena kaofela ke metsoako e tloaelehileng e khahlanong le baktheria le e khahlanong le ho ruruha.Ho na le palo e kholo ea lihlahisoa tsa ho lokisa, tse nang le tšusumetso e kholo ho theko ea meriana indastering ea temo ea metsing.Mohlala: 10% enrofloxacin hydrochloride, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, sarafloxacin hydrochloride soluble powder, le litokiso tsa tharollo ea litaba tse tšoanang, theko ea khale ea feme hangata e nyoloha ka ho feta 15%.
6. Li-sulfonamides
Sulfadiazine sodium, sulfadimethoxine sodium, sulfachlordazine sodium, sulfaquinoxaline sodium, le synergists ditrimethoprim, trimethoprim, trimethoprim lactate, joalo-joalo, kaofela li ile tsa phahama ’me tsa feta 5% kapa ho feta.Lihlahisoa tse amehang tse kang li-powders tse qhibilihang le ho emisoa (tharollo) tse nang le 10% le 30% ea lihlahisoa tse ka holimo le litokisetso tsa naha tsa synergistic tsa motsoako li ka 'na tsa tsoela pele ho ba le keketseho ea theko.
7. Likokoana-hloko
Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa diclazuril, totrazuril, praziquantel, le levamisole hydrochloride li eketsehile ho ea ho tse fapaneng, har'a tsona lisebelisoa tse tala tsa totrazuril le levamisole hydrochloride li eketsehile ka ho feta 5%.Likahare tsa litokisetso tsa lihlahisoa tse amehang ho metsoako e ka holimo li fokotseha hanyenyane, 'me ho na le sebaka se senyenyane sa ho eketseha.Ho lebeletsoe hore boholo ba baetsi ba meriana ea bongaka ba liphoofolo ba ke ke ba fetola litheko tsa khale tsa lifeme tsa litokisetso tse amanang.Phepelo ea lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa albendazole, ivermectin le abamectin e lekane, 'me theko e batla e tsitsitse,' me ho ke ke ha e-ba le phetoho e holimo bakeng sa nako eo.
8. Likokoana-hloko
Ho tloha ha ho qala moqhaka o mocha, iodine, glutaraldehyde, benzalkonium bromide, letsoai la quaternary ammonium, lihlahisoa tse nang le chlorine (tse kang sodium hypochlorite, dichloro kapa sodium trichloroisocyanurate), phenol, joalo-joalo, li tsoetse pele.Ka ho khetheha, theko ea caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) e na le makhetlo a fetang a mararo ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng feela selemong sena.Karolong ea bone ea selemo sena, ka lebaka la ho matlafatsoa ha thibelo le taolo ea moqhaka o mocha, taolo ea tšebeliso ea matla a mabeli, tlhokomelo ea tikoloho, ho phahama ha lichelete tsa machaba, le ho phahama ka kakaretso ha lihlahisoa tse tala, mefuta ena ea metsoako e tloaelehileng ea ho thibela likokoana-hloko e tla boela e kene. ho phahama ho feletseng, haholo-holo tse nang le chlorine le iodine.Litokisetso, tse kang povidone iodine tharollo, habeli quaternary ammonium letsoai le rarahaneng iodine tharollo, sodium dichloride kapa trichloroisocyanurate phofo, joalo-joalo e ile ea phahama ho feta 35%, 'me ba ntse ba eketseha,' me ho na le khaello ea ba bang ba thepa e tala.Esita le li-organic acid le li-surfactants tse sa tšoaneng tse nang le phello e itseng ea antibacteria le tsona li bone keketseho e khōlō.Theko ea liphutheloana tsa polasetiki e boetse e eketsehile ka ho feta 30%, e leng se entseng hore ho be le keketseho ea theko ea lihlahisoa tse felileng.
9. Antipyretic le analgesic
Theko ea Analgin e eketsehile ho feta 15% selemo le selemo, 'me theko ea acetaminophen e eketsehile ka ho feta 40% selemo le selemo.Flunixin meglumine le carbopeptide calcium ka bobeli li ile tsa phahama haholo, 'me theko ea sodium salicylate le eona e ile ea fetoha ho ea holimo.Lihlahisoa tse amehang haholo ke litokisetso tsa ente tse nang le litaba tse phahameng le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng.Ho phaella moo, keketseho ea thepa ea ho paka selemong sena e boetse e phahame ka ho fetisisa historing.Litheko tsa khale tsa lifeme tsa lihlahisoa tsena tse amanang le metsoako li tla eketseha haholo.'Me monyetla oa ho lokisoa haholo ka nako e khutšoanyane ha o khonehe, kahoo ho kgothaletswa ho boloka chelete esale pele.
Ntle le ho phahama ho hoholo ha lihlopha tse ka holimo tse robong tsa lisebelisoa tse tala, ka likhoeli tse tšeletseng feela, mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tse tala tsa lik'hemik'hale tse kang phosphoric acid e ile ea phahama ka makhetlo a 'maloa, acid ea formic e ile ea phahama ka makhetlo a ka bang mabeli, acid ea nitric le sulfuric acid e ile ea phahama ka makhetlo a mangata. ho feta 50%, mme sodium bicarbonate e nyolohile ka ho feta 80%.%, 'maraka oa mabokose a ho paka o na le mokhoa o holimo, esita le lisebelisoa tsa PVC li nyolohile ka hoo e ka bang 50%.Mabapi le boemo ba hona joale, mathata a lichelete a ntse a tsoela pele ho ata lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me maemo a mangata a sa lebelloa.Tshekatsheko e e tseneletseng e bontsha gore ka bofokodi jo bo dirwang ka dikgato kgotsa jo bo tswelelang jwa letlhakore la tlhokego ya mmaraka, bokgoni jwa go sila dijo jwa indaseteri ya temothuo ya metsi bo a fokotsega, mme tlhokego e a fokotsega fa bokgoni jwa tlhagiso bo ntse bo oketsega ka iketlo ka ntlha ya poelo ya molemo.Qetellong, khatello ea 'maraka e tla khutlela lehlakoreng la fektheri ea mohloli mme e eketsehe qalong.Lisebelisoa tse tala tse potlakileng haholo li ka 'na tsa theoha karolong ea pele le ea bobeli ea selemo, empa ha ho laoloe hore karolo e nyenyane ea lihlahisoa tse tala e tla tsoela pele ho fetoha ka mokhoa o phahameng ka lebaka la mabaka a khethehileng lehlakoreng la tlhahiso ea tlhahiso le 'maraka. .
Nako ea poso: Nov-05-2021
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